DISTRIBUTIONAL PATTERNS OF AMPHIBIANS FROM BUENOS AIRES, ARGENTINA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22201/fc.25942158e.2025.3.1238Palabras clave:
Anura, Gymnophiona, Región Pampeana, índice de influencia humanaResumen
Los estudios de distribución geográfica de especies son cruciales para comprender la biodiversidad y tomar decisiones informadas para su conservación. En este artículo, actualizamos la distribución geográfica de los anfibios de la provincia de Buenos Aires y la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, dos distritos ubicados en la Región Pampeana de Argentina. La revisión de 6417 especímenes de colecciones herpetológicas, sumado a registros de la literatura científica, arrojó 1254 puntos de ocurrencia, mientras que los programas de ciencia ciudadana agregaron 1424 nuevos puntos. Registramos 31 especies de anfibios en la provincia de Buenos Aires (29 anuros nativos, un anuro no nativo y un Gymnophiona) y 19 en la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (18 anuros nativos y un Gymnophiona). Los anfibios no se distribuyeron uniformemente entre los diferentes hábitats; la riqueza de especies se concentra en la región noreste (sabana inundada del Paraná), donde las condiciones ambientales son más favorables para muchas especies. Además, las inundaciones del Río Paraná influyen en las comunidades de anfibios del NE de Buenos Aires. Exploramos patrones de distribución geográfica y cambios en la densidad de datos de ocurrencia, especímenes recolectados y localidades muestreadas considerando la influencia de los niveles de urbanización, reflejados por el Índice de Influencia Humana. Discutimos los sesgos en los patrones de muestreo de diferentes fuentes de datos (colecciones científicas vs. programas de ciencia ciudadana). De acuerdo con nuestros datos, la mayor densidad de registros se concentra a lo largo del área noreste de la provincia. Los datos de ciencia ciudadana han aumentado en los últimos 25 años, y sus registros se concentran alrededor de áreas densamente pobladas y accesibles. Los registros de museos cubrieron el territorio explorado de manera más uniforme. Nuestros resultados resaltan la necesidad de tener un conocimiento profundo y preciso de las distribuciones de especies para guiar los esfuerzos de conservación, particularmente teniendo en cuenta el contexto de declinación global de poblaciones de anfibios debido a la influencia humana.
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