APLICACIONES POTENCIALES DE LA INTELIGENCIA ARTIFICIAL EN ESTUDIOS DE ANFIBIOS Y REPTILES

Tonatiuh Ramírez-Reyes

doi:10.22201/fc.25942158e.2026.3.1499

Autores/as

Tonatiuh Ramírez-Reyes Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9145-6502

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22201/fc.25942158e.2026.3.1499

Palabras clave:

herpetofauna, aprendizaje automatico, aprendizaje profundo, biodiversidad, conservacion, Algoritmos

Resumen

Resulta evidente el auge y desarrollo actual de las tecnologías computacionales relacionadas con la inteligencia artificial (IA) y su potencial impacto en múltiples disciplinas. Las ciencias biológicas parecen ser naturalmente propensas a ser abordadas con estas aproximaciones tecnológicas debido a que sus objetos de estudio se enfocan en sistemas biológicos de alta complejidad. Ante la actual crisis de biodiversidad y de la que la herpetofauna no está exenta, las aplicaciones de IA aparecen como herramientas disponibles que nos pueden ayudar a cerrar las brechas en el conocimiento y auxiliar en la conservación de anfibios y reptiles. A través del tiempo algunos estudios en herpetología han incorporado algunas de las tecnologías que conforman el amplio campo de la inteligencia artificial. Los algoritmos y arquitecturas de aprendizaje automático (ML) más utilizados en estudios herpetológicos son bosques aleatorios (RF), máquinas de soporte vectorial (SVM), árboles de decisión (DT), redes neuronales convolucionales (CNN), y K-vecinos más cercanos (KNN). Este patrón nos indica que las principales tareas en las que han utilizado tecnologías de IA y ML en estudios herpetológicos han sido para clasificación y predicción en un contexto de aprendizaje supervisado. Si bien las tecnologías y algoritmos de IA y ML continúan en desarrollo constante, ahora podemos implementar estas potentes herramientas para analizar datos, en particular aquellos de gran magnitud e incluso datos obtenidos de múltiples fuentes. Esta contribución intenta cerrar la distancia aparente que existe entre las tecnologías de IA y sus potenciales usos en estudios herpetológicos, así como esbozar el panorama actual en Latinoamérica con respecto al uso y desarrollo de tecnologías computacionales inteligentes.

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