A CASE OF KYPHOSCOLIOSIS FOUND IN A WILD VIPER Bothrops ammodytoides (SERPENTES: VIPERIDAE) FROM THE CENTRAL ANDES OF ARGENTINA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22201/fc.25942158e.2025.2.1202Keywords:
Kyphosis, malformation, scoliosis, snake, spinal columnAbstract
Several osteopathologies are frequently reported in lizards and turtles; however, few cases have been recorded in snakes, and even fewer in wildlife. Here, we report for the first time a case of kyphoscoliosis found in a specimen of Bothrops ammodytoides, a viper species endemic to Argentina, found in a ravine in the Central Andes of San Juan, Argentina. The pathology was confirmed through radiographic imaging, and it could be a malformation with a congenital origin.
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