Ecología y evolución de enfermedades emergentes en anfibios: una revisión de ranavirus y quitridiomicosis

Abstract

Emerging infectious diseases are one of the main causes in amphibian worldwide declines. These diseases are caused by pathogens that expand their geographic and host range becoming epidemic. Amphibian emerging diseases such as ranaviruses and chytridiomycosis have caused large declines, where ecological and evolutionary factors are involved both in their emergence and species susceptibility variation. This paper presents a review of ranavirus and chytridiomycosis diseases in relationship with their ecological and evolutionary factors, their effects on amphibian populations worldwide and possible applications to prevention and conservation.